Tizigoba Tokongola ta ku Niihau

YOLEMBEDWA KU HAWAII

CHAKA chilichonse m’nyengo yozizira, m’mphepete mwa nyanja kuchilumba cha Niihau, ku Hawaii mumachita mafunde. Chilumbachi chimatchedwanso kuti “Chilumba Choletsedwa.” Mafundewo amabweretsa zigoba zambirimbiri za nkhono ndipo zimangoti mbwee m’mbali mwa nyanja. Chilumba cha Niihau ndi chimodzi mwa zilumba 7 zokhala ndi anthu ku Hawaii. Chilumbachi ndi chachikulu masikweya kilomita 180 koma tikachiyerekezera ndi zilumba zinazo n’chaching’ono kwambiri. N’chifukwa chake pachilumbachi pamapezeka tizigoba tokongola kwambiri ta nkhono.

Chilumbachi ndi chotsika poyerekezera ndi chilumba china chotchedwa Kauai, chomwe chili pamtunda wa makilomita 27 kumpoto chakumadzulo. Pachilumbachi sipagwa mvula yambiri. N’chifukwa chiyani chilumbachi amachitcha kuti Chilumba Choletsedwa? Chifukwa chakuti chili ndi eniake ndipo munthu safikapo popanda chilolezo. Anthu a kumeneku amadzipezera okha zinthu zonse zofunika pamoyo wawo ndipo palibe siteshoni yopanga magetsi, madzi a m’mipopi, masitolo kapena mapositi ofesi. Pofuna kuti asaiwale chikhalidwe chawo, anthu pafupifupi 230 amene amakhala pachilumbachi amalankhula Chihawayi. Ngati sakudyetsa ng’ombe kapena nkhosa amakhala akutola tizigoba tokongola tija. *

M’miyezi yotentherako, mabanja ambiri amapita kunyanja panjinga kapena wapansi ndipo kumeneku amakhalako nthawi yaitali akutola tizigoba. Akatola tizigobato amakayala pamthunzi kuti tiume. Akatero amatisankha n’kutiika m’magulu osiyanasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwake kapena kukongola kwake. Ndiyeno tizigobati amakapangira mikanda. M’madera okhala ndi zomera zambiri, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa popanga mikandayi koma ku Niihau amagwiritsa ntchito tizigobati m’malo mwa maluwa.

“Miyala Yamtengo Wapatali” ya Kunyanja

Anthu a ku Hawaii akhala akupanga mikanda pogwiritsa ntchito tizigobati kuyambira kalekale. Cha m’ma 1700, anthu ena okaona malo atsopano monga Captain James Cook anapeza zinthu zokongola zopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito tizigobati ku Hawaii ndipo analemba nkhani imeneyi m’mabuku awo. Anatengapo zina, mwinanso zochokera ku Niihau, n’kupita nazo kwawo. M’kupita kwanthawi amayi olemekezeka a ku Hawaii, anthu ovina komanso anthu a m’banja lachifumu anayamba kuvala mikanda yopangidwa ku Niihau. M’zaka za m’ma 1900 zigoba zokongolazi zinayamba kudziwika m’mayiko ambiri chifukwa choti zinayamba kugulitsidwa m’malo ogulitsa ziboliboli. Komanso alendo odzaona malo, ndi asilikali amene anafika ku Hawaii panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ankakonda kugula zigobazi. Mikanda ya zigoba zimenezi, yomwe kale inkavalidwa ndi anthu olemekezeka okhaokha a ku Hawaii, masiku ano imavalidwa ndi anthu ambiri m’mayiko osiyanasiyana.

 Zigoba zimene amakonda kuzigwiritsa ntchito popangira mikanda imeneyi, m’Chihawayi amazitcha kuti momi, laiki, ndiponso kahelelani. Mikandayi imakhala ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo amailukanso mosiyanasiyana. Ntchito yoluka mikandayo, yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitidwa ndi akazi, ndi yosangalatsa zedi. Amagwiritsa ntchito zigoba zonyezimira komanso zobulungira za mitundu 20 yosiyanasiyana zotchedwa momi. Zina zimakhala zoyera kwambiri ndipo zina zimakhala zofiirira. Chifukwa choti n’zazikulu mamilimita 10 okha basi, zigoba zotchedwa momi zimachita kuti phuliphuli kuwala, moti akaziluka m’mikanda yamtengo wapatali yotchedwa Lei Pikake, zimaoneka ngati timaluwa tinatake tokongola.

Nthawi zambiri akwati a ku Hawaii amavala mikanda yokongola, yoyera ngati mpunga, ya zigoba zotchedwa laiki. Zigoba zimenezi zimakhalanso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zina zimakhala zoyera, zina zoderapo, zina zachikasu ndipo zina zimakhala ndi timizere tofiirira. Dzina la mfumu ina ya ku Hawaii linali Kahelelani ndipo tizigoba tina tatikulu mamilimita 5 anatipatsa dzina limeneli. Zigoba zamtunduwu zimavuta kwambiri poluka mikanda ndipo mikanda yake imakhala ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiponso yokwera mtengo. Zina zimakhala zofiirira pomwe zina zimakhala zofiira monyezimira ndipo zimenezi n’zosowa kwambiri moti mtengo wake umakhala wokwera kwambiri.

Kupanga Mikanda ya Tizigoba ta ku Niihau

Woluka mikanda akasankha mtundu wa mkanda umene akufuna kuluka, amayamba wapukuta zigoba zonsezo n’kuziboola ndi chisingano chakuthwa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti amaboola mwaluso, nthawi zambiri pazigoba zitatu zilizonse zimene amaboola chimodzi chimasweka. Motero amayenera kukhala ndi zigoba zambirimbiri kuti amalize ntchito yoluka mkandawo, yomwe imatha kutenga zaka. Amaika tizigobato m’zingwe za mikandayi zomwe amazipaka simenti yofulumira kuuma kapena phula la njuchi. Kawirikawiri amakonda kuika chigoba china chotchedwa puka kumapeto kwa mkandawo kapena zigoba ziwiri za mtundu wina wa nkhono.

Mikandayi imalukidwa m’njira zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zigoba zake. Pali mikanda ya momi, yomwe imakhala yoyera, ya chingwe chimodzi ndipo imakhala yaitali masentimita 150 kapena 190. Mikanda ina imakhala ndi tizigoba tambirimbiri totchedwa kahelelani, ndipo palinso mikanda ina yolukidwa mwaluso kwambiri yomwe imakhala ndi tizigoba komanso tinthangala ta mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Ntchito yoluka mikandayi ndi yowawa kwambiri ndipo imatenga nthawi komanso imafuna munthu wa maso akuthwa. Koma nthawi zonse anthu aluso ndiponso oleza mtima a ku Niihau amaluka mikanda yochititsa kaso komanso yokongola mosaneneka. Mkanda uliwonse umapangidwa mwapadera, n’chifukwa chake ili yokwera mtengo mofanana ndi miyala ina yamtengo wapatali kapenanso zibangiri ndi zinthu zina zokwera mtengo zodzikongoletsera. Moti ina mwa mikandayi imatha kugulitsidwa madola masauzande ambirimbiri.

Ku Niihau kulibe zomera zambiri, kulibe anthu ambiri, ndipo n’kutali kwambiri ndi zilumba zina za ku Hawaii. Koma chifukwa choti anthu a kumeneku, amapanga mikanda mwaluso, anthu a m’mayiko akutali kwambiri amatchena chifukwa cha zigoba zamtengo wapatali zochokera pa “Chilumba Choletsedwa” chimenechi.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi pamasamba 24, 25]

Zigobazi akaziyanika amazisankha ndi kuziluka mikanda

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

© Robert Holmes

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Zigoba zotchedwa momi

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 24]

© drr.net