1. Ni uwuhe munsi wabaye mubi kurusha iyindi mu buzima bwa Petero?

PETERO ntiyari kuzigera yibagirwa ubwoba yagize ubwo yahuzaga amaso na Yesu. Ese hari ikintu Petero yaba yarabonye kigaragaza ko Yesu yari yamurakariye, cyangwa ko yari yababajwe n’uko yamutengushye? Ntidushobora kumenya neza uko byari bimeze, kubera ko Bibiliya yo ivuga gusa ko ‘Umwami yahindukiye akareba Petero’ (Luka 22:61). Ariko icyo tuzi ni uko bagihuza amaso, Petero yahise amenya ko yakoze ikosa rikomeye. Yahise amenya ko yihakanye Shebuja yakundaga cyane, icyo akaba ari ikintu Yesu yari yamubwiye ko ari bukore, ariko Petero we agahakana yivuye inyuma ko atashoboraga kugikora. Ibyo byababaje Petero cyane, kandi birashoboka ko uwo ari wo munsi wamubereye mubi kurusha iyindi mu buzima bwe.

2. Ni irihe somo Petero yari akeneye kwiga, kandi se ibyamubayeho bitwigisha iki?

² Ariko kandi, ibyo ntibigaragaza ko byari bimurangiriyeho. Kubera ko Petero yari afite ukwizera gukomeye, yari agifite uburyo bwo kwikosora no kwigishwa na Yesu. Rimwe mu masomo y’ingenzi cyane yamwigishije ni iryo kubabarira. Kubera ko buri wese muri twe akeneye kwiga iryo somo, nimucyo dusuzume uko Petero yize iryo somo rikomeye.

3, 4. (a) Ni ikihe kibazo Petero yabajije Yesu, kandi se ni iki Petero ashobora kuba yaratekerezaga? (b) Yesu yagaragaje ate ko Petero yari afite imitekerereze yari yogeye muri icyo gihe?

³ Amezi atandatu mbere yaho, ubwo Petero yari mu mugi yari atuyemo wa Kaperinawumu, yegereye Yesu maze aramubaza ati “Mwami, ni kangahe umuvandimwe wanjye azankosereza nkamubabarira? Kugeza incuro ndwi?” Birashoboka ko Petero avuga ibyo, yumvaga ko agira imbabazi. N’ubundi kandi, abayobozi b’amadini bo mu gihe cye bigishaga ko umuntu agomba kubabarira incuro eshatu gusa. Yesu yaramushubije ati “sinkubwiye ngo uzageze ku ncuro ndwi, ahubwo uzageze ku ncuro mirongo irindwi n’indwi.”​—Mat 18:21, 22.

⁴ Ese Yesu yavugaga ko Petero yagombaga kugira aho yandika amakosa yabaga yakorewe? Ibyo si ko bimeze! Igihe yabwiraga Petero  ko yari kubabarira incuro 77 aho kuba 7, yashakaga kumubwira ko urukundo rutuma tudashyiraho imipaka twagezaho tubabarira abandi (1 Kor 13:4, 5). Yesu yagaragaje ko abantu b’icyo gihe b’abagome kandi batagiraga imbabazi bari baragize ingaruka kuri Petero, kuko bari bafite aho bandikaga incuro zose umuntu yabakoserezaga. Ariko kandi, Imana yo igira imbabazi nyinshi.​—Soma muri 1 Yohana 1:7-9.

5. Ni ryari dushobora kumenya ko kubabarira ari iby’ingenzi?

⁵ Petero ntiyigeze ajya impaka na Yesu. Ariko se yaba yarazirikanye isomo Yesu yamwigishije? Hari igihe twiga kubabarira iyo hari ikitubayeho, maze natwe tukabona ko dukeneye kubabarirwa. Nimucyo dusuzume ibintu byabanjirije urupfu rwa Yesu. Muri icyo gihe cyari kigoye, Petero yakoze amakosa incuro nyinshi, kandi Yesu yaramubabariye.

6. Igihe Yesu yigishaga intumwa ibihereranye no kwicisha bugufi Petero yabyitwayemo ate, ariko se ni iki Yesu yakoreye Petero?

⁶ Muri iryo joro rya nyuma ritazibagirana Yesu yamaze hano ku isi ari umuntu, yari agifite ibintu byinshi byo kwigisha intumwa ze, urugero nk’umuco wo kwicisha bugufi. Yesu yatanze urugero rwo kwicisha bugufi igihe yozaga intumwa ze ibirenge, ubusanzwe uwo ukaba wari umurimo wakorwaga n’abagaragu bo hasi cyane. Petero yabanje kwibaza ku byo Yesu yakoraga, hanyuma yanga ko amwoza ibirenge. Ariko kandi, nyuma yaho yamusabye kumwoza amaboko n’umutwe aho kumwoza ibirenge gusa. Yesu ntiyacitse intege, ahubwo yamusobanuriye agaciro k’ibyo yakoraga n’icyo bisobanura.​—Yoh 13:1-17.

7, 8. (a) Petero yongeye ate kugerageza ukwihangana kwa Yesu? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo Yesu yakomeje kwerekana ko ari umugwaneza kandi ko ababarira?

⁷ Nyuma yaho gato, Petero yongeye kugerageza ukwihangana kwa Yesu. Intumwa zatangiye kujya impaka zishaka kumenya uwari mukuru muri zo. Nta gushidikanya ko Petero na we yagize uruhare muri icyo gikorwa cy’urukozasoni kigaragaza ubwibone bw’abantu. Nyamara, Yesu yabakosoye abigiranye ubugwaneza, kandi abashimira ibyiza bari barakoze baba abizerwa bakomatana na we. Icyakora, icyo gihe yababwiye ko bose bari kumutererana. Ariko Petero yashubije Yesu ko yari gukomeza kumwizirikaho, kabone niyo byari kuba ngombwa ko apfa. Yesu yamubwiye ko yari kumwihakana incuro eshatu mbere y’uko inkoko ibika kabiri. Petero ntiyahakanye gusa ibyo Yesu yari amubwiye, ahubwo yaniraririye avuga ko yari kumubera indahemuka kuruta izindi ntumwa.​—Mat 26:31-35; Mar 14:27-31; Luka 22:24-28; Yoh 13:36-38.

⁸ Ese aho ibyo ntibyari gutuma Yesu adakomeza kwihanganira Petero? Nubwo icyo gihe cyari kigoye, Yesu yakomeje kwibanda ku byiza intumwa ze zidatunganye zakoraga. Nubwo yari azi ko Petero  yari kumwihakana, yaramubwiye ati “nagusabiye ninginga kugira ngo ukwizera kwawe kudacogora, kandi nawe numara kwihana, uzakomeze abavandimwe bawe” (Luka 22:32). Bityo rero, Yesu yari yizeye ko Petero yari kwikosora, maze akongera kumukorera ari uwizerwa. Mbega ukuntu yari umugwaneza kandi akagira imbabazi!

9, 10. (a) Kuki Petero yari akeneye gukosorwa igihe bari mu busitani bwa Getsemani? (b) Amakosa ya Petero atwibutsa iki?

⁹ Nyuma yaho ubwo bari mu busitani bwa Getsemani, Petero yari akeneye gukosorwa kenshi. Yesu yasabye Petero, Yakobo na Yohana gukomeza kuba maso, mu gihe we yari kuba asenga. Yesu yari afite agahinda kenshi kandi akeneye guterwa inkunga, ariko Petero na bagenzi be bakomeje kwisinzirira. Yesu yababwiye amagambo agaragaza ko yishyiraga mu mwanya wabo kandi akabagirira imbabazi, agira ati “umutima urabishaka, ariko umubiri ufite intege nke.”​—Mar 14:32-41.

¹⁰ Bidatinze, haje agatsiko k’abantu benshi bitwaje imuri, inkota n’amahiri. Icyo ni cyo cyari igihe cyo kugaragaza ubwenge no gushishoza. Nyamara Petero yarahubutse, ahita akura inkota ayikubita Maluko wari umugaragu w’umutambyi mukuru maze aba amuciye ugutwi. Yesu yakosoye Petero abigiranye ubwitonzi, akiza wa mugaragu, kandi asobanura ihame ryo kwirinda kurwana rikigenga abigishwa be no muri iki gihe (Mat 26:47-55; Luka 22:47-51; Yoh 18:10, 11). Petero yari amaze gukora amakosa menshi, ku buryo byari ngombwa ko Yesu amubabarira. Ibyamubayeho bitwibutsa ko akenshi natwe dukora amakosa. (Soma muri Yakobo 3:2.) Ni nde muri twe udakenera imbabazi z’Imana buri munsi? Ariko kandi, Petero yari atarabona, kuko hari ikosa rikomeye yari agiye gukora.

11, 12. (a) Vuga uko Petero yagaragaje ubutwari mu rugero runaka Yesu amaze gufatwa. (b) Ni mu buhe buryo Petero atashoboye gukora ibyo yari yavuze?

¹¹ Yesu yabwiye ako gatsiko k’abantu ko niba ari we kashakaga, kagombaga kureka intumwa ze zikagenda. Petero yitegereje uko ako gatsiko kafataga Yesu, ariko ukabona yabuze uko abyifatamo. Hanyuma yarahunze nk’uko n’izindi ntumwa zabigenje.

¹² Icyakora, we na Yohana ntibakomeje guhunga. Birashoboka ko bahagaze hafi y’inzu y’uwahoze ari Umutambyi Mukuru Ana, aho bari babanje kujyana Yesu kugira ngo bamuhate ibibazo. Igihe bahavaga, Petero na Yohana barabakurikiye, ku buryo bamwe ‘barengaga’ abandi ‘bahinguka’ (Mat 26:58; Yoh 18:12, 13). Petero ntiyari ikigwari rwose. Nta gushidikanya ko no kuba yarabakurikiye byamusabye ubutwari, kuko ako gatsiko kari kitwaje intwaro kandi Petero yari yakomerekeje umwe mu bari bakagize. Uko biri kose ariko, biragaragara ko Petero atashoboye gukora ibyo yari yihandagaje avuga, igihe yemezaga ko yari kubera indahemuka Shebuja, byaba ngombwa akanamupfira.​—Mar 14:31.

13. Ni ubuhe buryo nyabwo bwo gukurikira Kristo?

 ¹³ Abantu benshi muri iki gihe bigana Petero, bakifuza gukurikira Kristo ariko nta wubabona, mbese bigasa n’aho ‘arenga bahinguka.’ Ariko kandi nk’uko Petero yabyanditse nyuma yaho, uburyo nyabwo bwo gukurikira Kristo ni ukumwizirikaho uko bishoboka kose, tukigana urugero rwe mu byo dukora byose, tutitaye ku ngaruka bishobora kutugiraho.​—Soma muri 1 Petero 2:21.

14. Kuki Petero yaraye adasinziriye igihe Yesu yacirwaga urubanza?

¹⁴ Petero yakomeje gukurikira abari bajyanye Yesu ariko abigiranye amakenga, maze agera ku irembo ry’imwe mu mazu manini kandi meza y’i Yerusalemu. Aho hari kwa Kayafa umutambyi mukuru wari umuherwe kandi ukomeye. Amazu nk’ayo yabaga yubatse akikije imbuga, kandi akagira umuryango ku irembo. Petero ageze ku irembo, banze ko yinjira. Yohana wari uziranye n’umutambyi mukuru kandi akaba yari yinjiye, yaraje asaba umurinzi kwinjiza Petero. Uko bigaragara Petero ntiyigeze agumana na Yohana, cyangwa se ngo agerageze kwinjira mu nzu ngo ahagarare iruhande rwa Yesu. Ahubwo muri iryo joro Petero yagumye mu mbuga, aho abagaragu n’abaja barimo bota, banakurikirana uko abantu bashinjaga Yesu ibinyoma binjiraga ahaberaga urubanza, abandi basohoka.​—Mar 14:54-57; Yoh 18:15, 16, 18.

15, 16. Sobanura uko ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu buvuga ko Petero yari kumwihakana gatatu bwasohoye.

¹⁵ Kubera ko habonaga, wa muja wari wemereye Petero kwinjira yashoboye kumwitegereza neza, maze aramumenya. Yaramushinje ati “nawe wari kumwe na Yesu w’Umunyagalilaya.” Petero yashidutse yihakanye Yesu, ndetse ahakana ko ibyo uwo muja yavugaga atari abizi. Yagiye guhagarara hafi y’irembo agerageza kwiyoberanya, ariko undi muja aramumenya kandi amubwira nk’ibyo uwa mbere yari yamubwiye, agira ati “uyu muntu yari kumwe na Yesu w’i Nazareti.” Petero yararahiye ati “uwo muntu simuzi!” (Mat 26:69-72; Mar 14:66-68). Birashoboka ko amaze kumwihakana bwa kabiri ari bwo yumvise inkoko ibitse, ariko kuko yari arangaye byatumye atibuka ibyo Yesu yari yamubwiye mu masaha make yari ashize.

¹⁶ Na nyuma yaho, Petero yakomeje kugerageza kwihishahisha, ariko biba iby’ubusa. Itsinda ry’abantu bari bahagaze mu mbuga, ryaramwegereye. Umwe muri bo wari mwene wabo wa Maluko, wa mugaragu Petero yari yakomerekeje, yabwiye Petero ati “sinakubonye uri kumwe na we mu busitani?” Petero yumvise agomba kubemeza ko ibyo bavugaga atari byo. Ibyo byatumye arahira, akaba yarashakaga kubumvisha ko niba abeshya yari kugerwaho n’umuvumo. Iyo yari incuro ya gatatu Petero yihakana Yesu. Atararangiza kuvuga ayo magambo, inkoko yahise ibika, bukaba bwari ubwa kabiri Petero ayumvise muri iryo joro.​—Yoh 18:26, 27; Mar 14:71, 72.

17, 18. (a) Petero yakoze iki igihe yamenyaga ko yatengushye Shebuja bikomeye? (b) Petero ashobora kuba yaratekereje iki?

 ¹⁷ Icyo gihe Yesu yari yasohotse ahagaze ku ibaraza areba mu mbuga. Nk’uko byavuzwe mu ntangiriro y’iki gice, ubwo ni bwo Petero na Yesu bahuje amaso. Petero yahise amenya ko yari yatengushye Shebuja bikomeye. Petero yavuye aho ashenguwe n’agahinda k’ibyo yari yakoze, maze agenda yerekeje mu mugi, dore ko yari amurikiwe n’ukwezi kwarimo kurenga. Icyo gihe yumvaga yataye umutwe, kandi yashobewe. Amarira yamuzenze mu maso, maze araturika ararira.​—Mar 14:72; Luka 22:61, 62.

¹⁸ Ubusanzwe iyo umuntu yakoze ikosa nk’iryo, akunze kumva ko yakoze icyaha gikomeye ku buryo adashobora kubabarirwa. Petero na we ashobora kuba ari uko yumvise ameze. Ariko se ni ko byari biri?

19. Ibyo Petero yakoze byatumye yumva ameze ate, kandi se tuzi dute ko atigeze aheranwa no kwiheba?

¹⁹ Ntushobora kwiyumvisha akababaro Petero yagize bumaze gucya, igihe ibyabaye byari bimaze kumenyekana. Ashobora kuba yaricujije igihe Yesu yapfaga kuri icyo gicamunsi nyuma y’amasaha menshi yari amaze ababazwa. Petero agomba kuba yarabujijwe amahwemo no gutekereza ukuntu yari yatumye Shebuja arushaho gushengurwa n’agahinda kuri uwo munsi wa nyuma yamaze ku isi ari umuntu. Ariko nubwo Petero yari ababaye cyane, ntiyigeze yumva ko bimurangiriyeho. Ibyo tubibwirwa n’uko nyuma yaho yongeye kwifatanya n’abavandimwe be bo mu buryo bw’umwuka (Luka 24:33). Intumwa zose zicujije ukuntu zitwaye muri iryo joro riteye ubwoba, maze zitangira guhumurizanya.

20. Ni irihe somo tuvana ku mwanzuro mwiza Petero yafashe?

²⁰ Aha turabona ko Petero yari afashe umwanzuro mwiza cyane. Iyo umugaragu w’Imana aguye, icy’ingenzi si uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze, ahubwo ni ukwiyemeza kubyuka maze akikosora. (Soma mu Migani 24:16.) Petero yagaragaje ko yari afite ukwizera nyakuri yongera guteranira hamwe na bagenzi be nubwo yari afite agahinda kenshi. Iyo umuntu ababaye cyane cyangwa afite umutima umucira urubanza, aba yumva yakwitandukanya n’abandi. Ariko kandi, ibyo bishobora kumuteza akaga (Imig 18:1). Mu bihe nk’ibyo, byaba byiza umuntu abaye hafi ya bagenzi be bahuje ukwizera, maze akongera kubona imbaraga akeneye kugira ngo akomeze gukorera Imana.​—Heb 10:24, 25.

21. Ni iyihe nkuru Petero yumvise abikesha kuba yari kumwe na bagenzi be bahuje ukwizera?

 ²¹ Kubera ko Petero yari kumwe na bagenzi be bahuje ukwizera, yamenye inkuru y’incamugongo y’uko umubiri wa Yesu utari mu mva. Petero na Yohana barirutse, bajya ku mva ya Yesu yari ikinze. Yohana yahageze mbere, kuko bishoboka ko yari akiri muto ugereranyije na Petero. Amaze kubona ko umuryango w’imva ukinguye, yatinye kwinjira. Icyakora Petero we ntibyamuteye ubwoba kuko nubwo yari atarashira impumu, yahise yinjira mu mva ariko asanga irimo ubusa!​—Yoh 20:3-9.

22. Ni iki cyatumye Petero ashira agahinda akareka gushidikanya?

²² Ese Petero yaba yarahise yiyumvisha ko Yesu yari yazutse? Ntiyahise abyiyumvisha, nubwo abagore b’indahemuka bari bababwiye ko abamarayika bababonekeye maze bakabamenyesha ko Yesu yazuwe mu bapfuye (Luka 23:55–24:11). Icyakora bwagiye kwira agahinda no gushidikanya Petero yari afite byashize. Icyo gihe Yesu yari muzima, ari ikiremwa cy’umwuka gifite imbaraga, kandi yabonekeye intumwa ze zose. Ariko kandi, hari umuntu Yesu yari yabanje kubonekera. Uwo munsi intumwa zaravuze ziti “ni ukuri Umwami yazutse, kandi yabonekeye Simoni!” (Luka 24:34). Intumwa Pawulo na we yaje kwandika ku birebana n’uwo munsi wihariye avuga ko Yesu “yabonekeye Kefa, hanyuma akabonekera ba bandi cumi na babiri” (1 Kor 15:5). Kefa na Simoni ni andi mazina ya Petero. Uwo munsi Yesu yaramubonekeye, kandi nta gushidikanya ko icyo gihe Petero yari wenyine.

23. Muri iki gihe, kuki Abakristo bagwa mu cyaha bagombye kwibuka ibyabaye kuri Petero?

²³ Bibiliya ntitubwira ibyo Petero yavuganye na Yesu icyo gihe; ni bo bonyine babizi. Icyakora dushobora gutekereza ukuntu Petero yashimishijwe no kongera kubona Shebuja yakundaga cyane ari muzima, kandi akabona uburyo bwo kumugaragariza agahinda yagize, akanamwereka ko yicujije. Icyo gihe nta kindi kintu yari akeneye uretse kubabarirwa. Nta gushidikanya ko Yesu yamubabariye, kandi akabikora abikuye ku mutima. Muri iki gihe, igihe Abakristo baguye mu cyaha bagombye kwibuka ibyabaye kuri Petero. Ntitwagombye na rimwe kumva ko twakoze icyaha gikomeye ku buryo Imana idashobora kutubabarira. Icyo gihe Yesu yagaragaje umuco wa Se, we Mana ‘ibabarira rwose.’​—Yes 55:7.

24, 25. (a) Vuga uko byagendekeye Petero igihe yakeshaga ijoro aroba mu nyanja ya Galilaya. (b) Bukeye bwaho, Petero yifashe ate igihe Yesu yakoraga igitangaza?

²⁴ Yesu yabwiye intumwa ze ko zagombaga kujya i Galilaya, aho bari kongera guhurira. Zihageze, Petero yahise yigira kuroba mu nyanja ya Galilaya, kandi hari n’izindi ntumwa zamukurikiye. Icyo gihe Petero yongeye kwibuka imyaka yamaze aroba muri icyo kiyaga. Agomba  kuba yarongeye kwishimira kugendera mu bwato abona ukuntu amazi abwikubitaho, kandi akishimira kongera gukoresha inshundura, dore ko ibyo yari abimenyereye. Icyo gihe, abo bagabo nta mafi bigeze bafata.​—Mat 26:32; Yoh 21:1-3.

²⁵ Icyakora bigeze mu rukerera, hari umuntu wahamagaye abo barobyi ari ku nkombe maze abategeka kujugunya inshundura zabo ku rundi ruhande rw’ubwato. Ibyo barabikoze, maze bafata amafi agera ku 153! Petero yahise amenya uwo muntu uwo ari we, maze yiroha mu mazi yoga agana ku nkombe. Bageze ku nkombe, Yesu yahaye incuti ze z’indahemuka amafi yokeje ku muriro w’amakara.  Icyakora, icyo gihe Yesu yari yitaye by’umwihariko kuri Petero.​—Yoh 21:4-14

26, 27. (a) Ni iyihe nshingano Yesu yahaye Petero incuro eshatu zose? (b) Ni iyihe gihamya Yesu yatanze igaragaza ko yababariye Petero abikuye ku mutima?

²⁶ Yesu yabajije Petero ati “urankunda kurusha aya?” Icyo gihe yamwerekaga ya mafi menshi bari bamaze kuroba. Ese urukundo Petero yakundaga umwuga w’uburobyi rwaba rwararutaga urwo yakundaga Yesu? Kimwe n’uko Petero yihakanye Yesu incuro eshatu, icyo gihe Yesu na we yamuhaye uburyo bwo kumugaragariza ko amukunda imbere ya bagenzi be, abikora incuro eshatu zose. Petero amaze kugaragaza ko amukunda, Yesu yamubwiye uko yari kugaragaza urwo rukundo. Yari kurugaragaza ashyira mu mwanya wa mbere umurimo wera, akita ku mukumbi wa Kristo, ni ukuvuga abigishwa be b’indahemuka, akabakomeza kandi akabaragira.​—Luka 22:32; Yoh 21:15-17.

²⁷ Ubwo rero, Yesu yongeye kugaragariza Petero ko we na Se bari bakibona ko afite agaciro. Petero yari gusohoza inshingano y’ingenzi cyane mu itorero ayobowe na Kristo. Mbega ukuntu iyo ari gihamya ikomeye igaragaza ko Yesu ababarira abivanye ku mutima! Nta gushidikanya ko kuba Petero yarababariwe byamukoze ku mutima kandi akabivanamo isomo rikomeye.

28. Vuga uko Petero yaje kubaho mu buryo buhuje n’izina rye.

²⁸ Petero yamaze imyaka myinshi asohoza iyo nshingano ye mu budahemuka. Yakomeje abavandimwe be, nk’uko Yesu yari yarabimutegetse mu ijoro ryabanjirije urupfu rwe. Petero yashohoje umurimo wo kuragira abigishwa ba Yesu no kubitaho abigiranye ubugwaneza no kwihangana. Amaherezo, uwo mugabo witwaga Simoni yaje kubaho mu buryo buhuje n’izina Yesu yari yaramuhaye ari ryo Petero cyangwa urutare, aba umuntu uhamye, udahuzagurika kandi wiringirwa, washoboraga gufasha abagize itorero gukora ibyiza. Ibyo bigaragazwa neza n’inzandiko ebyiri Petero yanditse mu buryo burangwa n’urukundo zaje kuba bimwe mu bitabo by’agaciro bigize Bibiliya. Nanone izo nzandiko zigaragaza ko Petero atigeze yibagirwa isomo yigishijwe na Yesu ryo kubabarira.​—Soma muri 1 Petero 3:8, 9; 4:8.

29. Twakwigana dute ukwizera kwa Petero n’imbabazi Shebuja yamugiriye?

²⁹ Nimucyo natwe tuzirikane iryo somo. Ese buri munsi tujya dusaba Imana imbabazi z’amakosa menshi dukora? Ese twemera imbabazi duhabwa, kandi tukizera ko zishobora gutuma duhanagurwaho ibyaha? Ese tujya tubabarira abandi? Nitubigenza dutyo, tuzaba twigana ukwizera kwa Petero n’imbabazi za Shebuja.