1. Kuki i Shilo hari agahinda n’umuborogo?

SAMWELI ashobora kuba yaragize agahinda kenshi igihe yari i Shilo. Byasaga n’aho uwo mugi wuzuye amarira. Abagore n’abana benshi baraborogaga kuko bari bumvise inkuru z’uko ba se, abagabo babo, abahungu babo n’abavandimwe babo batari kugaruka mu rugo. Icyo gihe, Abafilisitiya bari bakubise incuro Abisirayeli, babicamo abasirikare bagera ku 30.000, kandi hari hashize igihe gito batakaje abandi basirikare 4.000 mu yindi ntambara.​—1 Sam 4:1, 2, 10.

2, 3. Ni ayahe makuba yatumye ab’i Shilo bakorwa n’isoni kandi bagatakaza icyubahiro?

² Ibyo ni bimwe mu byago byinshi bahuye na byo. Umutambyi Mukuru Eli yari afite abahungu babiri bari babi, ari bo Hofuni na Finehasi. Abo bahungu bavuye i Shilo bari kumwe n’isanduku yera y’isezerano. Ubusanzwe iyo sanduku yabaga ahera cyane h’urusengero rwubakishijwe ihema. Iyo sanduku y’agaciro kenshi yari ikimenyetso cy’uko Imana yabaga iri aho hantu. Abisirayeli bajyanye iyo Sanduku ku rugamba, bibeshya ko yari nk’impigi yari gutuma batsinda. Icyakora, Abafilisitiya banyaze iyo Sanduku kandi bica Hofuni na Finehasi.​—1 Sam 4:3-11.

³ Iyo Sanduku yari imaze imyaka amagana iri muri iryo hema ry’i Shilo. Ariko noneho bari bayinyaze. Eli wari ufite imyaka 98, yumvise iyo nkuru ahanuka ku ntebe yari yicayeho, agwa agaramye arapfa. Umukazana we wari wapfakaye uwo munsi yapfuye amaze kubyara. Mbere y’uko apfa yaravuze ati “icyubahiro cyavuye muri Isirayeli kijya mu bunyage.” Koko rero, Shilo ntiyari ikiri ya yindi.​—1 Sam 4:12-22.

4. Ni iki tugiye gusuzuma muri iki gice?

⁴ Samweli yari guhangana ate n’ibyo bibazo bikomeye? Mbese ukwizera kwe kwari gukomeye ku buryo yari gufasha abantu Yehova atemeraga kandi ntabarinde? Muri iki gihe, twese dushobora guhura n’ingorane cyangwa ibiduca intege byibasira ukwizera kwacu. Ku bw’ibyo rero, nimucyo turebe andi masomo twavana kuri Samweli.

5, 6. Bibiliya ivuga ko habaye iki mu gihe cy’imyaka 20, kandi se muri iyo myaka Samweli yakoraga iki?

⁵ Iyo Sanduku imaze kunyagwa, Bibiliya yabaye iretse kugira icyo ivuga kuri Samweli, ahubwo yibanda kuri iyo Sanduku yera, igaragaza uko Abafilisitiya bayinyaze bakagerwaho n’ibyago n’ukuntu bahatiwe kuyigarura. Bibiliya yongeye kugira icyo ivuga kuri Samweli hashize imyaka igera kuri 20 (1 Sam 7:2). Muri iyo myaka yose se, Samweli yakoraga iki? Na byo Bibiliya irabitubwira.

⁶ Bibiliya igaragaza ko mbere y’icyo gihe ‘Samweli yakomezaga kugeza ijambo ry’Imana ku Bisirayeli’ (1 Sam 4:1). Nanone Bibiliya igaragaza ko icyo gihe kimaze kurangira, buri mwaka Samweli yajyaga mu migi itatu yo muri Isirayeli, agaca imanza kandi agakemura ibibazo, yarangiza agasubira i Rama mu mugi yari atuyemo (1 Sam 7:15-17). Uko bigaragara, buri gihe Samweli yabaga afite ibyo ahugiyemo. Ku bw’ibyo rero, no muri iyo myaka 20 yari afite byinshi byo gukora.

7, 8. (a) Ni ubuhe butumwa Samweli yagejeje kuri rubanda nyuma y’imyaka 20 akorana umwete? (b) Abantu bakoze iki bamaze kumva amagambo ya Samweli?

⁷ Imyifatire mibi n’ubwiyandarike by’abahungu ba Eli, byari byaramunze ukwizera kw’Abisirayeli. Uko bigaragara, byatumye abantu benshi batangira gusenga ibigirwamana. Samweli amaze iyo myaka makumyabiri akorana umwete, yagejeje ku bantu ubutumwa bugira buti “niba koko mugarukiye Yehova n’umutima wanyu wose, mukure muri mwe imana z’amahanga n’ibishushanyo bya Ashitoreti, mwerekeze imitima yanyu kuri Yehova mudakebakeba, mube ari we mukorera wenyine; na we azabakiza amaboko y’Abafilisitiya.”​—1 Sam 7:3.

⁸ “Amaboko y’Abafilisitiya” yaremereraga Abisirayeli. Kubera ko Abafilisitiya bari baratsinze ingabo za Isirayeli, bumvaga ko bashobora gukandamiza ubwoko bw’Imana kandi ntibabiryozwe. Ariko Samweli yijeje Abisirayeli ko ibintu byari guhinduka ari uko gusa bagarukiye Yehova. Ese bari biteguye kumugarukira? Samweli yashimishijwe no kuba bararetse gusenga ibigirwamana byabo ‘bagakorera Yehova wenyine.’ Yahamagaje Abisirayeli ngo bakoranire i Misipa, umugi wari mu majyaruguru ya Yerusalemu mu karere k’imisozi miremire. Abisirayeli barahateraniye, biyiriza ubusa kandi bihana ibyaha byabo byinshi byo gusenga ibigirwamana.​—Soma muri 1 Samweli 7:4-6.

9. Abafilisitiya babonye uburyo bwo gukora iki, kandi abagize ubwoko bw’Imana babyitwayemo bate?

 ⁹ Icyo gihe Abafilisitiya bamenye ko Abisirayeli bateraniye hamwe maze baboneraho uburyo bwo kubatera. Bahise bohereza ingabo zabo i Misipa kugira ngo zirimbure abo bantu basengaga Yehova. Abisirayeli bahise bamenya ko bugarijwe n’akaga maze bashya ubwoba, basaba Samweli gusenga abasabira. Nuko Samweli arabasabira, atamba n’igitambo. Igihe bari muri uwo muhango wera ni bwo Abafilisitiya bagabye igitero i Misipa. Icyo gihe Yehova yashubije isengesho rya Samweli. Yararakaye maze “ahindisha inkuba cyane hejuru y’Abafilisitiya.”​—1 Sam 7:7-10.

10, 11. (a) Igihe Yehova yahindishaga inkuba arwanya ingabo z’Abafilisitiya, kuki byari ibintu bidasanzwe? (b) Urugamba rwabereye i Misipa rwatumye ibintu bigenda bite?

¹⁰ Ese abo Bafilisitiya baba barabaye nk’abana bato bihutira kwihisha iruhande rwa ba nyina iyo bumvise inkuba ikubise? Reka da! Abo Bafilisitiya bari abasirikare bakomeye, bamenyereye urugamba. Bwari ubwa mbere bumvise inkuba zikubita zityo. Byaba se byaratewe n’uko ‘zahindaga cyane?’ Ese zahindiraga hejuru mu kirere gitamurutse, cyangwa zahindiraga mu misozi? Uko byaba biri kose, zatumye Abafilisitiya bakangarana. Baguye mu rujijo, maze abari bateye baba ari bo bagabwaho igitero. Abisirayeli bahise babahukamo bavuye i Misipa maze barabanesha, bagenda ibirometero byinshi babakurikiye, babageza mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Yerusalemu.​—1 Sam 7:11.

¹¹ Urwo rugamba rwatumye ibintu bihinduka. Kuva ubwo, Abafilisitiya bagiye batsindwa mu gihe cyose Samweli yamaze ari umucamanza. Buhoro buhoro, ubwoko bw’Imana bwongeye kwigarurira imigi bwari bwaranyazwe.​—1 Sam 7:13, 14.

12. Ni mu buhe buryo Samweli ‘yakoze ibyo gukiranuka,’ kandi se ni iyihe mico yamufashije kubigenza atyo?

¹² Hashize ibinyejana byinshi, intumwa Pawulo yashyize Samweli ku rutonde rw’abacamanza n’abahanuzi bizerwa ‘bakoze ibyo gukiranuka’ (Heb 11:32, 33). Koko rero, Samweli yafashije abantu gukora ibyiza no gukiranuka mu maso y’Imana. Yakomeje gukora ibikorwa byiza kubera ko yategerezaga Yehova yihanganye, kandi agakomeza gukora umurimo we ari uwizerwa nubwo yabaga ahanganye n’ibimuca intege. Nanone yagiraga umuco wo gushimira. Abisirayeli bamaze gutsindira Abafilisitiya i Misipa, Samweli yashinze ibuye ryari kuzajya ribibutsa ukuntu Yehova yatabaye ubwoko bwe.​—1 Sam 7:12.

13. (a) Ni iyihe mico yadufasha kwigana Samweli? (b) Ni ryari twakwitoza kugira imico nk’iya Samweli?

 ¹³ Ese nawe wifuza ‘gukora ibyo gukiranuka?’ Niba ubyifuza, byaba byiza ugeze ikirenge mu cya Samweli ukagira umuco wo kwihangana, kwicisha bugufi no gushimira. (Soma muri 1 Petero 5:6.) Ni nde muri twe utifuza kugira iyo mico? Kuba Samweli yaritoje kugira iyo mico kandi akayigaragaza akiri muto, byagize akamaro kuko mu myaka yakurikiyeho yahuye n’ibintu bikomeye byashoboraga kumuca intege.

14, 15. (a) Ni ibihe bintu byatumye Samweli yumva acitse intege ‘amaze gusaza’? (b) Ese Samweli na we yareraga bajeyi nka Eli? Sobanura.

¹⁴ Samweli yongera kuvugwa ‘amaze gusaza.’ Icyo gihe yari afite abahungu babiri, Yoweli na Abiya, kandi yari yarabahaye inshingano yo kumufasha guca imanza. Ikibabaje ni uko bamutengushye. Nubwo Samweli yari umukiranutsi kandi akaba inyangamugayo, abahungu be bakoresheje nabi umwanya bari bafite, bakajya bishakira inyungu zabo, bakemera impongano kandi bakagoreka imanza.​—1 Sam 8:1-3.

¹⁵ Umunsi umwe, abakuru b’Abisirayeli basanze uwo muhanuzi w’Imana wari ugeze mu za bukuru bamugezaho ikibazo bari bafite.  Baramubwiye bati “abahungu bawe ntibagendera mu nzira zawe” (1 Sam 8:4, 5). Ese Samweli yari abizi? Iyo nkuru nta cyo ibivugaho. Samweli ntiyari umubyeyi mubi nka Eli. Yehova yacyashye Eli kandi aramuhana kubera ko atakosoye abahungu be, kandi akaba yarabubahaga kuruta Imana (1 Sam 2:27-29). Yehova ntiyigeze abona amakosa nk’ayo kuri Samweli.

16. Iyo umwana yigometse ababyeyi bumva bameze bate, kandi se ababyeyi bahumurizwa bate n’urugero rwa Samweli?

¹⁶ Iyo nkuru nta cyo ivuga ku bihereranye no kuba Samweli yarakozwe n’ikimwaro ngo ahangayike kandi acike intege igihe yamenyaga ko abahungu be bari bafite imyifatire mibi. Icyakora, ababyeyi benshi bashobora kwiyumvisha neza uko yari amerewe. Muri ibi bihe by’umwijima, usanga ahantu hose abana bigomeka ntibumvire ababyeyi kandi babahana ntibumve. (Soma muri 2 Timoteyo 3:1-5.) Ababyeyi bahanganye n’ikibazo nk’icyo bashobora kubonera ihumure ku byabaye kuri Samweli, kandi bikabafasha kumenya icyo bakora. Ntiyigeze yemera ko imyifatire mibi y’abahungu be imuca intege. Wibuke ko niyo amagambo cyangwa igihano bitagira icyo bitanga, urugero umubyeyi atanga rushobora kugera ku mutima w’umwana. Buri gihe ababyeyi baba bafite uburyo bwo gushimisha Data wo mu ijuru Yehova, nk’uko Samweli yabigenje.

17. Ni iki abakuru b’Abisirayeli basabye Samweli, kandi se yabyakiriye ate?

¹⁷ Abahungu ba Samweli ntibiyumvishaga ukuntu umururumba n’ubwikunde bari bafite byari kuzagira ingaruka zikomeye. Abakuru b’Abisirayeli babwiye Samweli bati “utwimikire umwami uzajya aducira imanza nk’uko bimeze ku yandi mahanga yose.” Ese ibyo byaba byaratumye Samweli yumva ko bamwanze? Uko biri kose, Yehova yari amaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo amukoresha ngo acire Abisirayeli imanza. Ariko noneho icyo gihe ntibari bacyifuza ko umuhanuzi nka Samweli ababera umucamanza, ahubwo bifuzaga umwami. Abisirayeli bifuzaga gutegekwa n’umwami nk’uko byari bimeze ku bihugu byari bibakikije. Samweli yabyifashemo ate? Bibiliya igaragaza ko Samweli yabonye ko “ibyo ari bibi.”​—1 Sam 8:5, 6.

18. Ni mu buhe buryo Yehova yahumurije Samweli kandi agashyira ahabona icyaha cy’Abisirayeli?

¹⁸ Igihe Samweli yasengaga Yehova amubwira icyo kibazo, yaramushubije ati “ibyo abo bantu bakubwira byose ubumvire kuko atari wowe banze, ahubwo ni jye banze ko mbabera umwami.” Mbega ukuntu ibyo byahumurije Samweli! Icyakora, icyo cyari igitutsi gikomeye batutse Imana Ishoborabyose. Yehova yategetse umuhanuzi we kubwira Abisirayeli ukuntu gutegekwa n’umwami w’umuntu byari kubabera umutwaro. Samweli yarabibabwiye ariko banga kuva ku izima,  baravuga bati “oya, turashaka umwami uzadutegeka.” Samweli wahoraga yumvira Imana ye, yaragiye asuka amavuta ku wo Yehova yari yatoranyije ngo abe umwami.​—1 Sam 8:7-19.

19, 20. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo Samweli yakurikije amabwiriza ya Yehova igihe yasukaga amavuta kuri Sawuli ngo abe umwami wa Isirayeli? (b) Samweli yakomeje ate gufasha ubwoko bwa Yehova?

¹⁹ None se, Samweli yaba yarumviye ababaye kandi akabikora by’urwiyerurutso? Ese yaba yarababajwe cyane n’ibyo Abisirayeli basabye bigatuma agira uburakari bwinshi? Mu mimerere nk’iyo, abantu benshi bashobora kubigenza batyo; ariko Samweli we si ko yabigenje. Yasutse amavuta kuri Sawuli, kandi yemera ko ari we Yehova yari yaratoranyije. Yasomye uwo mwami mushya, icyo kikaba cyari ikimenyetso cy’uko amwemeye kandi ko azamugandukira. Nuko Samweli abwira abantu ati “ese mwabonye uwo Yehova yatoranyije, ko nta wundi uhwanye na we mu bantu bose?”​—1 Sam 10:1, 24.

²⁰ Samweli ntiyibanze ku makosa y’uwo Yehova yari yaratoranyije, ahubwo yibanze ku byiza bye. Samweli yiyemeje gukomeza kuba indahemuka ku Mana aho gushaka kwemerwa n’abantu bahindagurika (1 Sam 12:1-4). Nanone yashohoje inshingano ye ari uwizerwa, abwira abagize ubwoko bw’Imana akaga ko mu buryo bw’umwuka kari kabugarije, kandi abatera inkunga yo gukomeza kuba abizerwa kuri Yehova. Inama yabagiriye zabakoze ku mutima maze bamusaba gusenga abasabira. Yababwiye amagambo meza agira ati “ntibikabeho ko nanjye ncumura kuri Yehova ngo ndeke kubasabira, kandi ngomba kubigisha inzira nziza, ikwiriye.”​—1 Sam 12:21-24.

21. Niba warigeze kumva ubabaye mu gihe undi muntu yahabwaga inshingano, wahumurizwa ute n’urugero rwa Samweli?

²¹ Ese waba warigeze kumva ubabaye igihe undi muntu yahabwaga inshingano? Urugero rwa Samweli rutwibutsa ko tutagombye na rimwe kwemera ko ishyari n’umujinya bishinga imizi mu mutima wacu. (Soma mu Migani 14:30.) Imana ishobora kubonera buri mugaragu wayo w’indahemuka inshingano imunyuze kandi ishimishije.

22. Kuki mu mizo ya mbere Samweli yabonaga ko Sawuli ari umuntu mwiza?

²² Kuba hari ibyiza Samweli yabonye kuri Sawuli, ntiyibeshyaga kuko Sawuli yari umuntu udasanzwe. Yari muremure, afite uburanga buhebuje, agira umwete, azi gukemura ibibazo kandi mu mizo  ya mbere yariyoroshyaga akanicisha bugufi (1 Sam 10:22, 23, 27). Uretse iyo mico, nanone yari afite impano yihariye, ni ukuvuga uburenganzira bwo kwihitiramo uko yari gukoresha ubuzima bwe no kwifatira imyanzuro (Guteg 30:19). Ese yaba yarakoresheje neza iyo mpano?

23. Ni uwuhe muco w’ingenzi Sawuli yabanje gutakaza, kandi se yagaragaje ate ko yari umwibone?

²³ Ikibabaje ariko, ni uko iyo umuntu agize ububasha akenshi atakaza umuco wo kwicisha bugufi. Bidatinze, Sawuli yatangiye kwiyemera. Yahisemo kutumvira amategeko Yehova yamuhaye binyuze kuri Samweli. Igihe kimwe, yananiwe kwihangana maze atamba igitambo kandi Samweli ari we wagombaga kugitamba. Samweli yakosoye Sawuli atajenjetse kandi amuhanurira ko ubwami butari kuguma mu muryango we. Aho kugira ngo Sawuli avane isomo ku gihano yari ahawe, yarushijeho gukora ibikorwa bibi byo kutumvira.​—1 Sam 13:8, 9, 13, 14.

24. (a) Sawuli yasuzuguye Yehova ate igihe yarwanaga n’Abamaleki? (b) Sawuli yakiriye ate inama yahawe, kandi se Yehova yamufatiye ikihe cyemezo?

²⁴ Yehova yatumye Samweli, ategeka Sawuli kugaba igitero ku Bamaleki. Mu mabwiriza Yehova yamuhaye, yavuze ko yagombaga no kwica umwami wabo mubi Agagi. Icyakora, Sawuli yarokoye Agagi n’ibintu byiza mu byo bari banyaze byagombaga kurimburwa. Igihe Samweli yamucyahaga, Sawuli yagaragaje neza ko atakiri wa wundi. Aho kugira ngo yicishe bugufi yemere inama agiriwe, yatangiye kwisobanura ashaka impamvu z’urwitwazo zatumye akora ibyo bintu, yihunza ikibazo yari yateje, akigereka kuri rubanda. Sawuli yapfobeje inama agiriwe, yihandagaza avuga ko imwe mu minyago yari iyo gutambira Yehova. Icyo gihe ni bwo Samweli yamubwiye ya magambo yamamaye cyane agira ati “kumvira biruta ibitambo.” Samweli yagize ubutwari acyaha Sawuli kandi amubwira umwanzuro Yehova yari yafashe, w’uko yari kuzanyagwa ubwami bugahabwa undi ubukwiriye kumurusha. *​—1 Sam 15:1-33.

25, 26. (a) Kuki Samweli yaririye Sawuli, kandi se Yehova yakosoye ate uwo muhanuzi? (b) Ni irihe somo Samweli yize igihe yajyaga kwa Yesayi?

²⁵ Samweli yababajwe cyane n’amakosa Sawuli yakoze. Yakesheje ijoro ryose atakambira Yehova amubwira iby’icyo kibazo. Yageze  n’ubwo aririra Sawuli. Nubwo Samweli yari yarabonye ko Sawuli afite ibyiza byinshi n’ubushobozi bwinshi, icyo gihe icyizere cyose cyari cyayoyotse. Sawuli ntiyari akiri wa wundi Samweli yari azi kera; yari yaratakaje ya mico myiza yose, asigaye arwanya Yehova. Samweli yanze kongera kubonana na Sawuli ukundi. Hashize igihe, Yehova yakosoye mu bugwaneza imitekerereze ya Samweli aramubwira ati “uzakomeza kuririra Sawuli ugeze ryari, ko jye namaze kwanga ko akomeza kuba umwami wa Isirayeli? Uzuza amavuta mu ihembe ryawe ugende. Ngiye kukohereza kuri Yesayi w’i Betelehemu, kuko mu bahungu be nabonyemo uzaba umwami.”​—1 Sam 15:34, 35; 16:1.

²⁶ Yehova ntashingira umugambi we ku bantu badatunganye badakomeza kumubera indahemuka. Iyo umuntu umwe abaye umuhemu, Yehova atoranya undi wo gusohoza umugambi we. Icyo ni cyo cyatumye Samweli wari ugeze mu za bukuru areka kuririra Sawuli. Yehova yategetse Samweli kujya i Betelehemu mu rugo rwa Yesayi, aho yasanze abahungu benshi kandi beza. Icyakora Samweli agikubita amaso uwa mbere, Yehova yamusabye kutareba ibigaragara inyuma gusa. (Soma muri 1 Samweli 16:7.) Amaherezo Samweli yageze kuri Dawidi wari umuhererezi, kandi ni we Yehova yari yatoranyije.

27. (a) Ni iki cyafashije Samweli gukomeza kugira ukwizera gukomeye? (b) Ni irihe somo ukuye ku rugero Samweli yadusigiye?

²⁷ Igihe Samweli yari ageze mu marembera y’ubuzima bwe, yarushijeho kubona neza ko Yehova yari yafashe umwanzuro ukwiriye wo gukuraho Sawuli akamusimbuza Dawidi. Sawuli yaje kugira ishyari bituma ashaka kwica Dawidi kandi aba umuhakanyi. Icyakora Dawidi yagiraga imico myiza, urugero nk’ubutwari, ubudahemuka no kwizera. Uko Samweli yegerezaga iherezo ry’ubuzima bwe, ni na ko ukwizera kwe kwarushagaho gukomera. Yiboneye ko Yehova ashobora gukemura ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, ndetse akaba yagihinduramo umugisha. Amaherezo Samweli yaje gupfa yihesheje izina ryiza, kuko yagize imibereho yihariye mu gihe cy’imyaka yamaze igera hafi ku ijana. Ntibitangaje kuba Abisirayeli bose baraririye uwo muntu w’indahemuka. Muri iki gihe, byaba byiza buri mugaragu wa Yehova yibajije ati “ese nzigana ukwizera kwa Samweli?”